Force direction and physical load in dynamic pushing and pulling

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      <subfield code="a">Force direction and physical load in dynamic pushing and pulling</subfield>
      <subfield code="c">M. P. de Looze...[et al.]</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">In pushing and pulling wheeled carts, the direction of force exertion may, beside the force magnitude, considerably affect musculoskeletal loading. This paper describes how force direction changes as handle height and force level change, and the effects this has on the loads on the shoulder and load back. As a result, it was found that across conditions the changes in force exertion were frecuently reflected in changes in shoulder torque and low back torque although of a much smaller magnitude. Therefore, an accurate evaluation of musculoskeletal loads in pushing and pulling requires, besides a knowledge of the force magnitude, knowledge for the direction of force exertion with respect to the body.</subfield>
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      <subfield code="d">London [etc.]</subfield>
      <subfield code="g">Vol. 43 nº 3, March 2000 ; p. 377-390</subfield>
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