Incentives for managing accounting information : property-liability insurer stock-charter conversions

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      <subfield code="b">: property-liability insurer stock-charter conversions</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Incentives to manage accounting information are examined within 63 property-liability insurance company conversion from mutual ownership to common stock charter. In the conversion process, policyholders'embedded equity claims must be valued. Since mutuals have no separately traded equity, accounting numbers are a critical imput in this valuation. Incentives for surplus management are across firms; the strongest evidence of surplus management is observed among firms where the mutual's executives become the firm's principal stockholders following conversion. The evidence suggests that converting firms manage accounting information primarily by adjusting liabilities and selectively establishing investment losses- not only altering claims settlement policy</subfield>
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      <subfield code="t">The Journal of risk and insurance</subfield>
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      <subfield code="g">Volume 71, number 1, March 2004 ;  p. 213-251</subfield>
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