Insurance definitions of cyber war

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<title>Insurance definitions of cyber war</title>
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<namePart>Weinkle, Jessica </namePart>
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<abstract displayLabel="Summary">Definitions of war found in cyber insurance policies provide a novel window into the concept of cyber war. Mediated by market forces, changes in policy wording reflect shifting expectations surrounding technology and military strategy. Legal cases contesting war clauses probe state-forrnulated narratives around war and offensive cyber operations. In a recent legal case, an insurer refused to pay a property insurance claim by arguing the cause of the claim-the NotPetya cyberattack-constitutes a hostile or warlike action. To understand the implications, we build a corpus of 56 cyber insurance policies. Longitudinal analysis reveals sorne specialist cyber insurance providers introduced policies without war clauses until as late as 2012. Recent years have seen war exclusions weakened as cyber insurance policies affirmatively cover "cyber terrorism", However, these clauses provide few explicit definitions, rather they prompt a legal discourse in which evidence is presented and subjected to formal reasoning. Going forward, war clauses will evolve so insurers can better quantify and control the costs resulting from offensive cyber operations. This pushes insurers to affirmatively describe the circumstances in which cyber conflict is uninsurable.</abstract>
<note type="statement of responsibility">Daniel W. Woods, Jessica Weinkle</note>
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<topic>Terrorismo</topic>
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<topic>Productos de seguros</topic>
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<title>Geneva papers on risk and insurance : issues and practice</title>
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<publisher>Geneva : The Geneva Association, 1976-</publisher>
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<identifier type="issn">1018-5895</identifier>
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<text>01/10/2020 Volumen 45 Número 4 - octubre 2020 , p. 639-656</text>
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