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Socio-economic differentiation in experienced mortality modelling and its pricing implications

Recurso electrónico / Electronic resource
Registro MARC
Tag12Valor
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001  MAP20220019835
003  MAP
005  20220707145240.0
008  220701e20220606che|||p |0|||b|eng d
040  ‎$a‎MAP‎$b‎spa‎$d‎MAP
084  ‎$a‎6
1001 ‎$0‎MAPA20220006668‎$a‎Salahnejhad Ghalehjooghi, Ahmad
24510‎$a‎Socio-economic differentiation in experienced mortality modelling and its pricing implications‎$c‎Ahmad Salahnejhad Ghalehjooghi, Pintao Lyu
520  ‎$a‎In recent years, increasing availability and quality of the portfolio data enables the life insurers to render fair and flexible pricing based on individual-level socio-economic attributes. Yet, many insurers price based on the experience factor; portfolio-specific mortality divided by population mortality. We incorporate the logistic regression in the experience mortality model by Plat (Insurance 45:123132, 2009) and examine the effect of the differentiating factor(s) on the level and trend of mortality. The regression model accounts for socio-economic factors, such as salary, in the portfolio and constructs the corresponding differentiated experience factors. To address the varying uncertainty in each class of the differentiated experienced mortality, we provide the price of a simple survival benefit for a cohort with and without differentiation. We employ the EIOPA risk-margin price to examine how the differentiated mortality can be reflected in the required risk-loading, using the salary as an example differentiator. Further, we extend the risk margin price to a time-consistent price to address the considerable likelihood of the middle-time dynamics of the experience mortality in long-dated contracts. The Least Square Monte Carlo (LSMC) method serves as the numerical method to calculate the conditional operators in the time-consistent price. We find that differentiation is significant for different salary classes. For example, for the 40 years old male cohort, salary differentiation can result in around 7% discount for the low salary class and 7.9% surcharge for the high salary class.
650 4‎$0‎MAPA20080555306‎$a‎Mortalidad
650 4‎$0‎MAPA20080616960‎$a‎Estructura socioeconómica
650 4‎$0‎MAPA20080570590‎$a‎Seguro de vida
7001 ‎$0‎MAPA20220006675‎$a‎Lyu, Pintao
7730 ‎$w‎MAP20220007085‎$g‎06/06/2022 Volúmen 12 - Número 1 - junio 2022 , p. 161-188‎$t‎European Actuarial Journal‎$d‎Cham, Switzerland : Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2021-2022