Future urban risk landscapes : an insurance perspective

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      <subfield code="a">Future urban risk landscapes</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Today's urban areas are complex and vulnerable ecosystems made up of a wide range of components, from infrastructure, transportation and health to distinctive economic and social features. These components are increasingly interconnected and interdependent. All drivers of risk have grown exponentially, in particular those relating to hazard, vulnerability and exposure. Some risks, such as natural disasters, are well-established. Others, such as rising sea levels and the vulnerability of smart power grids, are growing at a rapid rate.  Going forward, urban risks are expected to be driven by three main underlying trends: first, climate change and a rising frequency and severity of extreme weather events; second, smart urbanisation and the risk of systemic and catastrophic disruptions; and third, socio-demographic shifts such as income and wealth inequality and the rapid ageing of rich-world populations and infrastructures. These trends have the potential to adversely affect multiple critical parts of a city's operations, putting the health, lives, livelihoods and assets of inhabitants at risk.</subfield>
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