Urban health inequities and healthy longevity : traditional and emerging risk factors across the cities and policy implications

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      <subfield code="a">The document reviews how urbanization shapes health inequities and affects healthy longevity across the lifespan. It analyzes traditional and emerging risk factorsincluding environmental pollution, socioeconomic disparities, unhealthy behaviors, and limited healthcare access. The article highlights how urban environments often exacerbate chronic diseases, mental health issues, and vulnerability in marginalized populations. It also explains the role of structural determinants such as housing, transport, and climate risks. Finally, it proposes multi-sector public health strategies to promote more equitable, healthy, and sustainable cities</subfield>
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